Regionalna konferencija Stanje kulturne i prirodne baštine u regionu Balkana – Jugoistočne Evrope, održana u Kladovu u periodu od 23. do 28. oktobra 2006. godine. Organizovana je kao početni korak u realizaciji prve faze (2006-2008) višegodišnjeg zajedničkog regionalnog projekta ICOM-SEE-a (Subregionalna radna grupa za Jugoistočnu Evropu). Konferencija je zamišljena kao platforma za diskusiju na osnovu koje će biti određeni dalji pravci snimanja i analiziranja stanja kulturne i prirodne baštine u regionu Jugoistočne Evrope, kako bi se u narednim fazama ustanovili uzroci, procenili rizici i odredile prioritetne mere sanacije ugrožene prirodne i kulturne baštine u našim zemljama.

Na Konferenciji je bilo prisutno 86 učesnika iz 8 zemalja regiona: Slovenije, Hrvatske, Bosne i Hercegovine, Srbije, Albanije, Makedonije, Bugarske i Rumunije. Bili su prisutni, takođe, i predstavnik Regionalne kancelarije UNESCO-a iz Venecije – BRESCE, predstavnica ICCROM-a iz Rima i predstavnik Italijanskog nacionalnog komiteta ICOM-a. Kroz 43 saopštenja upoznali smo se kako sa opštim tako i sa vrlo specifičnim problemima zaštite prirodne i kulturne baštine u našim zemljama.

Izlaganja su ukazala na probleme vezane za stanje zaštite kulturne i prirodne baštine u regionu. Na osnovu izloženog, kao i kroz diskusije nakon pojedinih  sesija, uočene su potrebe i iznete preporuke vezane za ovu oblast:

• regionalna međudržavna saradnja nameće se kao prirodna neminovnost u svim oblastima i aktivnostima zaštite kulturne i prirodne baštine,  koja treba da uključi brojne subjekte i partnere na lokalnom, nacionalnom, regionalnom i međunarodnom nivou;
• ustanovljavanje sistema primene interaktivne i transparentne saradnje, definisanje modela za efikasno kreiranje i sprovođenje zajedničke dugoročne strategije za rešavanje problema zaštite kulturne i prirodne baštine u regionu, i stvaranje jedinstvene baze podataka o stanju kulturne i prirodne baštine;
• utvrđivanje jasne nacionalne i regionalne kulturne politike, uz očuvanje nacionalnih, regionalnih i lokalnih kulturnih identiteta;
• međudržavna i nacionalna koordinacija svih sektora zaštite;
• zajednička borba protiv ilegalne trgovine, i u tom smislu potreba unapređenja sistema obezbeđenja i čvrstog povezivanja ustanova zaštite i Ministarstava kulture, unutrašnjih poslova, finansija (carine), pravosuđa i formiranje ureda za sigurnost kulturnih dobara;
• razvijanje snažnih nadzornih i inspekcijskih službi Ministarstva kulture;
• utvrđivanje strategije i aktivno uključivanje lokalnih zajednica u brigu o zaštiti kulturne i prirodne baštine;
• poboljšanje koordinacije između institucija, ili, tamo gde ih uopšte nema, izgradnja novih;
• donošenje novih zakona ili dopunjavanje postojećih, i sprovođenje javne rasprave o istim;
• kodifikovanje stečenih znanja, uvođenje licenci za ustanove zaštite i muzejske kadrove;
• podizanje kapaciteta ustanova i stručnjaka u njima putem edukacije;
• podizanje svesti, kako profesionalaca, tako i političara i lokalnog stanovništva o značaju brige o n baštini, i u tom cilju uključiti sve relevantne sektore, pa i nevladine organizacije;
• preformulisanje koncepta zaštite prirodne baštine, definisanje terminologije, evaluacije i kategorizacije prirodne baštine, i njeno uvođenje u zakonsku regulativu;
• razvoj parkova i eko-muzeja;
• integrativni pristup zaštiti prirodne i kulturne baštine, partnerska saradnja i sinergetsko eksploatisanje svih kulturnih i prirodnih resursa;
• podizanje profesionalne svesti, uske i kontinuirane saradnje između raznih profila profesionalaca, kao stalno osavremenjavanje njihovih akademskih i stručnih znanja;
• rešavanje problema ekonomskih pritisaka u urbanističkom tretmanu kulturne baštine u celini, a u okviru modernizacije gradskih centara;
• razvoj konzervatorskih metoda koje treba upotrebiti na urbanim prostorima i njihovo bolje integrisanje u procesu urbanog planiranja;
• ustanovljavanje jasnih kriterijuma za rušenje stare arhitekture u slučajevima podizanja nove, kao i dokumentovanje arhitektonskih objekata koji su u opasnosti da nestanu;
• zaštita raznih oblika nematerijalne baštine;
• digitalizacija kulturne baštine i uvođenje novih informatičkih tehnologija;
• reorganizovanje akademskog obrazovanja iz muzeologije;
• razvoj održivog kulturnog turizma;

Tokom Konferencije izneseni su sledeći predlozi:

• osnivanje regionalne muzeološke publikacije;
• osnivanje Regionalnog centra za konzervaciju;
• formiranje sub-regionalnog centra za konzervaciju baštine na Kosovu i Metohiji;

Na Konferanciji je pokrenuta inicijativa predstavnika Regionalne kancelarije UNESCO-a iz Venecije – BRESCE, da se uključimo u njihov projekat procene stanja kulturne i prirodne baštine; kao i inicijativa predstavnice ICCROM-a iz Rima da se uključimo u tri njihova partnerska  projekta:

• dugoročan projekat ''Archaeological Conservation'', započet 2004. godine, u kojem već učestvuje, kao organizator, Narodni muzej u Beogradu preko Odeljenja za preventivnu zaštitu „Dijana“;
• projekat ''Reducing Risks to Collections'' čija će realizacija započeti 2007. godine u Rumuniji; i
• projekat ''TIEM - Training for Integrated Emergency Management'', čija bi realizacija uskoro trebala da započne.

ICOM-SEE će u potpunosti preuzeti dalju realizaciju projekta Revitalizacija kulturne i prirodne baštine u regionu Balkana – Jugoistočne Evrope, projekta koji je incicijativni odbor za formiranje  ICOM-SEE-a i inicirao i koncipirao.

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ENGLISH VERSION

The Regional Conference Condition of the Cultural and Natural Heritage in the Balkan Region – South East Europe, held in Kladovo from 23rd till 28th October. The Conference, organized as the first step in realization of the first stage of the mutual long-term regional project of ICOM-SEE (Sub-regional Working Group for South East Europe), had been devised as a platform for discussion that would help us to set the further directions for assessing and analyzing the state of cultural and natural heritage in the region of South East Europe. This stage was necessary as a base for further phases that would cover the risk and causes assessment and setting the priorities in salvaging the endangered natural and cultural heritage in our countries.

Eighty six participants attended the Conference from eight countries from the region: Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Albania, Macedonia, Bulgaria and Romania. We also had with us the representative of the Regional Office of UNESCO-BRESCE in Venice, the representative of ICCROM, Rome, and the representative of the Italian National Committee of ICOM. Through forty three presentations, we were able to get more familiar with the general problems of protection of cultural and natural heritage in our countries, but with some quite specific as well.

The participants in their presentations stressed the following issues regarding the condition of the cultural and natural heritage protection in the region. According to what had been presented and afterwards discussed, the following needs and recommendations were singled out:

• The clear need for regional inter-state cooperation, arisen as a natural inevitability in all fields of cultural and natural heritage protection, which should include numerous subjects and partners on the local, national, regional and international level;
• to set the system of application of an interactive, reversible and transparent cooperation; the need to define the model of effective creation and implementation of common long-term strategy for protection of cultural and natural heritage in the region; the need to make a unique and common database of the state of cultural and natural heritage;
• to establish the clear national and regional cultural policy while respecting the national, regional and local identities;
• strong inter-state and intro-state coordination between all protection sectors;
• mutual action against illicit trade and, in the light of this, the need for enhancement of security systems and tighter cooperation between the institutes for protection and Ministries of Culture, Internal Affairs, Finance and Justice by forming a special office for the security of cultural properties;
• to establish strong supervisory and inspection service within the Ministry of;
• to devise strategy of how to actively involve the local community in the protection of cultural and natural heritage;
• Enhancement of cooperation between institutions or building it where it does not exist;
• new legislation and revision of the existing one; making the public debate on this issue;
• to codify the acquainted knowledge, to introduce licenses for institutions for protection and museum staff;
• to increase the capacities of institutions and experts though an adequate education;
• raising awareness among the professionals, politicians and local community about the importance heritage protection; to include in this process all relevant sectors, among which the NGO sector as well;
• to reformulate the concept of natural heritage protection, to define terminology, evaluation and categorization of natural heritage and introduce it to legislation;
• stronger development of parks and eco-museums;
• integrated approach to cultural and natural heritage protection, partnership and synergic exploitation of all cultural and natural resources;
• raising professional awareness, tight and steady cooperation between different categories of experts; the need for constant updating of their academic and expert knowledge;
• to solve the problem of economic pressure present in the urban treatment of cultural heritage and connected to modernization of urban centers;
• to recognize the importance of further development of conservation methods that are to be used in urban environment and their integration in the processes of urban planning;
• The need to set clear criteria for demolishing the old architecture when building the modern one; the need to document endangered architectural object;
• protection of various categories of intangible heritage;
• to digitalize cultural heritage and to introduce new informational technologies;
• to reorganize academic education in the field of museology;
• sustainable development in tourism;

During the Conference, had been brought up the following recommendations:

• To launch a regional museological publication;
• To establish a Regional Center for Conservation;
• To form a Sub-regional Center for Heritage Conservation in Kosovo and Metohia;

At the Conference, the following initiatives had been launched by the representative of Regional Office of UNESCO-BRESCE in Venice proposed to join there project of state assessment of cultural and natural heritage, and the ICCROM representative to join their three partner projects:

• the long-term project ''Archaeological Conservation'', launched in 2004, in which the National Museum in Belgrade through Diana Department already participates as the co-organiser;
• the project ''Reducing Risks to Collections'' scheduled for 2007 in Romania;
• the project ''TIEM - Training for Integrated Emergency Management'' , which should start very soon;

ICOM-SEE will completely take over the further realization of the project Revitalization of Cultural and Natural Heritage in the Balkan Region-SEE, the project that was devised and initiated by the Initiative Board of ICOM-SEE.